Ergospirometry/Cardiopulmonary exercise test

Syllabus

1. Physiologic Basis of Exercise Performance
2. Conducting an exercise test
3. Conducting an cardiopulmonary exercise test: equipement, calibration technical troubleshooting
4. Protocols of cardiopulmonary exercise test
5. Normal values and their pitfalls
6. Cardiac output measurements during exercise
7. Exercise testing in cardiac diseases
8. Exercise testing in pulmonary disease
9. Cardiopulmonary exercise test in heart failure
10. Cardiopulmonary exercise test for risk assessment
11. Cardiopulmonary exercise test in children
12. Cardiopulmonary exercise test in congenital diseases
13. Gas exchange patterns in metabolic myopathies
14. Cardiopulmonary exercise test in athletes
15. Cardiopulmonary exercise test in cardiac rehabilitation
16. Cardiopulmonary adaptation in high attitude
17. Cardiopulmonary exercise test: Case presentations

Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of the course, the student will have acquired the following:

• Understanding exercise physiology and pathophysiology
• Understanding the cardiopulmonary exercise response in cardiac conditions
• Understanding the basic principles of exercise test
• Understanding the basic principles of cardiopulmonary exercise test
• Be able to interpret and perform an cardiopulmonary exercise test

Recommended Bibliography

• Albouaini K, eta al. Cardiopulmonary exercise test and its applications. Postgrad Med J 2007;83:673-682
• Guazzi M et al. Clinical recommendations for Cardiopulmonary exercise testing data assessment for specific patients populations. 2012;126:2261–2274
• Herdy AH, et Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test: Background, Applicability and Interpretation. Arq Bras Cardiol.2016 Nov; 107(5): 467–481
• Chambers DJ, et al. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing—a beginner’s guide to the nine-panel plot. BJA Educ.2019 May; 19(5): 158–164.
• Pritchard A, et al. ARTP statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing 2021.
• Triantafyllidi H, et al. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: The ABC for the Clinical Cardiologist. Cardiology 2022;147:62–71
• Laveneciana P, et al. The clinical value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the modern era. Eur Respir Rev 2021; 30: 200187
• Neder JA, et al. Clinical Interpretation of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Current Pitfalls and Limitations. Front Physiol 2021: 12;221 552000